Interactive Messages Example
This example demonstrates how to create interactive messages with buttons, keyboards, and rich embeds using BotRS.
Overview
Interactive messages allow users to interact with your bot through buttons, select menus, and other UI components. This creates a more engaging user experience compared to text-only interactions.
Basic Interactive Components
Simple Button Example
rust
use botrs::{
Client, Context, EventHandler, Intents, Message, Ready, Token, BotError,
models::message::{
Keyboard, KeyboardContent, KeyboardRow, KeyboardButton,
KeyboardButtonRenderData, KeyboardButtonAction, MessageParams
}
};
struct InteractiveBot;
#[async_trait::async_trait]
impl EventHandler for InteractiveBot {
async fn ready(&self, _ctx: Context, ready: Ready) {
println!("Interactive bot ready: {}", ready.user.username);
}
async fn message_create(&self, ctx: Context, message: Message) {
if message.is_from_bot() {
return;
}
if let Some(content) = &message.content {
match content.trim() {
"!button" => {
if let Err(e) = self.send_button_message(&ctx, &message).await {
eprintln!("Failed to send button message: {}", e);
}
}
"!poll" => {
if let Err(e) = self.send_poll_message(&ctx, &message).await {
eprintln!("Failed to send poll: {}", e);
}
}
"!menu" => {
if let Err(e) = self.send_menu_message(&ctx, &message).await {
eprintln!("Failed to send menu: {}", e);
}
}
_ => {}
}
}
}
}
impl InteractiveBot {
async fn send_button_message(&self, ctx: &Context, message: &Message) -> Result<(), BotError> {
let keyboard = Keyboard {
content: Some(KeyboardContent {
rows: vec![
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("btn_action".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "Click Me! 👆".to_string(),
visited_label: "Clicked! ✅".to_string(),
style: Some(1), // Primary style
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2), // Callback action
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("button_clicked".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
],
},
],
}),
};
let params = MessageParams {
content: Some("Here's an interactive button:".to_string()),
keyboard: Some(keyboard),
..Default::default()
};
ctx.send_message(&message.channel_id, ¶ms).await?;
Ok(())
}
}1
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Poll with Multiple Options
rust
impl InteractiveBot {
async fn send_poll_message(&self, ctx: &Context, message: &Message) -> Result<(), BotError> {
let keyboard = Keyboard {
content: Some(KeyboardContent {
rows: vec![
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("poll_option_1".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "Option A 🅰️".to_string(),
visited_label: "Voted for A ✅".to_string(),
style: Some(1),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: Some(1), // One vote per user
data: Some("vote_a".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("poll_option_2".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "Option B 🅱️".to_string(),
visited_label: "Voted for B ✅".to_string(),
style: Some(2),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: Some(1),
data: Some("vote_b".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
],
},
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("poll_option_3".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "Option C 🅲".to_string(),
visited_label: "Voted for C ✅".to_string(),
style: Some(3),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: Some(1),
data: Some("vote_c".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("poll_results".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "View Results 📊".to_string(),
visited_label: "Results Shown".to_string(),
style: Some(4),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("show_results".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(false),
}),
},
],
},
],
}),
};
let params = MessageParams {
content: Some("📊 **Quick Poll: What's your favorite programming language?**\n\nChoose one option below:".to_string()),
keyboard: Some(keyboard),
..Default::default()
};
ctx.send_message(&message.channel_id, ¶ms).await?;
Ok(())
}
}1
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Navigation Menu
rust
impl InteractiveBot {
async fn send_menu_message(&self, ctx: &Context, message: &Message) -> Result<(), BotError> {
let keyboard = Keyboard {
content: Some(KeyboardContent {
rows: vec![
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("menu_help".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "📖 Help".to_string(),
visited_label: "Help Viewed".to_string(),
style: Some(1),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("show_help".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(false),
}),
},
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("menu_settings".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "⚙️ Settings".to_string(),
visited_label: "Settings Opened".to_string(),
style: Some(2),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("show_settings".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(false),
}),
},
],
},
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("menu_stats".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "📈 Statistics".to_string(),
visited_label: "Stats Viewed".to_string(),
style: Some(3),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("show_stats".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(false),
}),
},
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("menu_about".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "ℹ️ About".to_string(),
visited_label: "About Viewed".to_string(),
style: Some(4),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("show_about".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(false),
}),
},
],
},
],
}),
};
let params = MessageParams {
content: Some("🎛️ **Main Menu**\n\nSelect an option to continue:".to_string()),
keyboard: Some(keyboard),
..Default::default()
};
ctx.send_message(&message.channel_id, ¶ms).await?;
Ok(())
}
}1
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Rich Interactive Messages with Embeds
Embed with Interactive Elements
rust
use botrs::models::message::{Embed, EmbedField, EmbedFooter};
impl InteractiveBot {
async fn send_rich_interactive_message(&self, ctx: &Context, message: &Message) -> Result<(), BotError> {
let embed = Embed {
title: Some("🎮 Game Selection".to_string()),
description: Some("Choose a game to play with the bot!".to_string()),
color: Some(0x7289da), // Discord blurple
fields: vec![
EmbedField {
name: "🎲 Rock Paper Scissors".to_string(),
value: "Classic game of chance".to_string(),
inline: Some(true),
},
EmbedField {
name: "🎯 Trivia".to_string(),
value: "Test your knowledge".to_string(),
inline: Some(true),
},
EmbedField {
name: "🎪 Random Fun".to_string(),
value: "Surprise me!".to_string(),
inline: Some(true),
},
],
footer: Some(EmbedFooter {
text: "Click a button below to start".to_string(),
icon_url: None,
}),
timestamp: Some(chrono::Utc::now().to_rfc3339()),
..Default::default()
};
let keyboard = Keyboard {
content: Some(KeyboardContent {
rows: vec![
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("game_rps".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "🎲 Rock Paper Scissors".to_string(),
visited_label: "Game Started!".to_string(),
style: Some(1),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("start_rps".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
],
},
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("game_trivia".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "🎯 Start Trivia".to_string(),
visited_label: "Trivia Started!".to_string(),
style: Some(2),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("start_trivia".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("game_random".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "🎪 Random Fun".to_string(),
visited_label: "Surprise Activated!".to_string(),
style: Some(3),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("start_random".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
],
},
],
}),
};
let params = MessageParams {
embed: Some(embed),
keyboard: Some(keyboard),
..Default::default()
};
ctx.send_message(&message.channel_id, ¶ms).await?;
Ok(())
}
}1
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Advanced Interactive Patterns
Multi-Step Interaction
rust
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::sync::Arc;
use tokio::sync::Mutex;
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct InteractionState {
pub user_id: String,
pub step: u32,
pub data: HashMap<String, String>,
}
pub struct AdvancedInteractiveBot {
interaction_states: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, InteractionState>>>,
}
impl AdvancedInteractiveBot {
pub fn new() -> Self {
Self {
interaction_states: Arc::new(Mutex::new(HashMap::new())),
}
}
async fn start_setup_wizard(&self, ctx: &Context, message: &Message) -> Result<(), BotError> {
let user_id = message.author.as_ref().unwrap().id.clone();
// Initialize interaction state
{
let mut states = self.interaction_states.lock().await;
states.insert(user_id.clone(), InteractionState {
user_id: user_id.clone(),
step: 1,
data: HashMap::new(),
});
}
let keyboard = Keyboard {
content: Some(KeyboardContent {
rows: vec![
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("setup_step1_beginner".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "🌱 Beginner".to_string(),
visited_label: "Beginner Selected".to_string(),
style: Some(1),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("level_beginner".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("setup_step1_intermediate".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "🌿 Intermediate".to_string(),
visited_label: "Intermediate Selected".to_string(),
style: Some(2),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("level_intermediate".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("setup_step1_advanced".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "🌳 Advanced".to_string(),
visited_label: "Advanced Selected".to_string(),
style: Some(3),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("level_advanced".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
],
},
],
}),
};
let params = MessageParams {
content: Some("🛠️ **Setup Wizard - Step 1/3**\n\nWhat's your experience level?".to_string()),
keyboard: Some(keyboard),
..Default::default()
};
ctx.send_message(&message.channel_id, ¶ms).await?;
Ok(())
}
async fn handle_setup_step2(&self, ctx: &Context, channel_id: &str, user_id: &str) -> Result<(), BotError> {
let keyboard = Keyboard {
content: Some(KeyboardContent {
rows: vec![
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("setup_step2_gaming".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "🎮 Gaming".to_string(),
visited_label: "Gaming Selected".to_string(),
style: Some(1),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("interest_gaming".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("setup_step2_music".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "🎵 Music".to_string(),
visited_label: "Music Selected".to_string(),
style: Some(2),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("interest_music".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
],
},
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("setup_step2_tech".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "💻 Technology".to_string(),
visited_label: "Tech Selected".to_string(),
style: Some(3),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("interest_tech".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
KeyboardButton {
id: Some("setup_step2_art".to_string()),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "🎨 Art & Design".to_string(),
visited_label: "Art Selected".to_string(),
style: Some(4),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: None,
data: Some("interest_art".to_string()),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
],
},
],
}),
};
let params = MessageParams {
content: Some("🛠️ **Setup Wizard - Step 2/3**\n\nWhat are your main interests?".to_string()),
keyboard: Some(keyboard),
..Default::default()
};
ctx.send_message(channel_id, ¶ms).await?;
Ok(())
}
async fn complete_setup(&self, ctx: &Context, channel_id: &str, user_id: &str) -> Result<(), BotError> {
let state = {
let states = self.interaction_states.lock().await;
states.get(user_id).cloned()
};
if let Some(user_state) = state {
let level = user_state.data.get("level").unwrap_or(&"unknown".to_string());
let interest = user_state.data.get("interest").unwrap_or(&"unknown".to_string());
let embed = Embed {
title: Some("✅ Setup Complete!".to_string()),
description: Some("Your preferences have been saved.".to_string()),
color: Some(0x00ff00), // Green
fields: vec![
EmbedField {
name: "Experience Level".to_string(),
value: level.clone(),
inline: Some(true),
},
EmbedField {
name: "Primary Interest".to_string(),
value: interest.clone(),
inline: Some(true),
},
],
footer: Some(EmbedFooter {
text: "You can change these settings anytime with !setup".to_string(),
icon_url: None,
}),
..Default::default()
};
let params = MessageParams {
embed: Some(embed),
..Default::default()
};
ctx.send_message(channel_id, ¶ms).await?;
// Clean up interaction state
let mut states = self.interaction_states.lock().await;
states.remove(user_id);
}
Ok(())
}
}1
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Best Practices
1. Button State Management
rust
pub struct ButtonStateManager {
button_states: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, ButtonState>>>,
}
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct ButtonState {
pub enabled: bool,
pub click_count: u32,
pub last_clicked: Option<chrono::DateTime<chrono::Utc>>,
pub clicked_by: Vec<String>,
}
impl ButtonStateManager {
pub async fn handle_button_click(&self, button_id: &str, user_id: &str) -> bool {
let mut states = self.button_states.lock().await;
let state = states.entry(button_id.to_string()).or_insert(ButtonState {
enabled: true,
click_count: 0,
last_clicked: None,
clicked_by: Vec::new(),
});
if !state.enabled {
return false;
}
// Check if user already clicked (for polls)
if state.clicked_by.contains(&user_id.to_string()) {
return false;
}
state.click_count += 1;
state.last_clicked = Some(chrono::Utc::now());
state.clicked_by.push(user_id.to_string());
true
}
}1
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2. Timeout Handling
rust
impl InteractiveBot {
async fn send_timed_interactive_message(&self, ctx: &Context, message: &Message) -> Result<(), BotError> {
let keyboard = self.create_timed_keyboard();
let params = MessageParams {
content: Some("⏰ **Timed Poll** (expires in 60 seconds)\n\nVote now!".to_string()),
keyboard: Some(keyboard),
..Default::default()
};
let sent_message = ctx.send_message(&message.channel_id, ¶ms).await?;
// Schedule message update after timeout
let ctx_clone = ctx.clone();
let channel_id = message.channel_id.clone();
tokio::spawn(async move {
tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(60)).await;
let expired_params = MessageParams {
content: Some("⏰ **Poll Expired**\n\nThis poll has ended. Thanks to everyone who participated!".to_string()),
..Default::default()
};
// Note: In a real implementation, you'd need message editing capabilities
// For now, we send a new message
let _ = ctx_clone.send_message(&channel_id, &expired_params).await;
});
Ok(())
}
fn create_timed_keyboard(&self) -> Keyboard {
// Create keyboard with timestamp in button data
let timestamp = chrono::Utc::now().timestamp();
Keyboard {
content: Some(KeyboardContent {
rows: vec![
KeyboardRow {
buttons: vec![
KeyboardButton {
id: Some(format!("timed_yes_{}", timestamp)),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "👍 Yes".to_string(),
visited_label: "Voted Yes".to_string(),
style: Some(1),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: Some(1),
data: Some(format!("vote_yes_{}", timestamp)),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
KeyboardButton {
id: Some(format!("timed_no_{}", timestamp)),
render_data: Some(KeyboardButtonRenderData {
label: "👎 No".to_string(),
visited_label: "Voted No".to_string(),
style: Some(2),
}),
action: Some(KeyboardButtonAction {
action_type: Some(2),
permission: None,
click_limit: Some(1),
data: Some(format!("vote_no_{}", timestamp)),
reply: None,
enter: Some(true),
}),
},
],
},
],
}),
}
}
}1
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Usage Examples
Basic Interactive Commands
# Send a simple button
!button
# Create a poll
!poll
# Show navigation menu
!menu
# Start setup wizard
!setup1
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Advanced Features
- Multi-step interactions: Guide users through complex workflows
- State persistence: Remember user choices across sessions
- Conditional buttons: Show different options based on user state
- Timed interactions: Auto-expire interactive elements
- Permission-based buttons: Show buttons only to authorized users
Integration Tips
- Combine with embeds: Use rich embeds to provide context for interactive elements
- Handle timeouts: Always have fallback behavior for expired interactions
- Validate permissions: Check user permissions before showing sensitive buttons
- Provide feedback: Always acknowledge button clicks with appropriate responses
- Clean up state: Remove interaction states after completion to prevent memory leaks
See Also
- Rich Messages - Advanced message formatting
- Command Handler - Structured command processing
- Event Handling - Comprehensive event processing
- File Uploads - Working with attachments and media